Charcoal-oven



V "UN TED STATES PATENT 'FFICE,

JOHN A, EDWARDS, or QOIiUMBIANA, ALABAMA.

CHARCOAL-OVEN.

SPECIFIGATI ON forming part of Letters Patent No. 292,655, dated January 29, 1884.

Application filed July 9, 1883. No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J OHN A. EDWARDS, of Oolumbiana, in the county of Shelby and State of Alabama, have invented a'new and useful Improvement in Charcoal-Ovens; and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full, clear, and eXact description of the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in the construction of ovens or kilns for making charcoal. i

The object of my invention is to provide a portable metallic kiln which shall be complete in itself, and can be set up without the use of an independent foundation or an additional lining of brick or cement.

The invention consists, partly, in combin; ing with a portable metallic oven a peculiar frame-work and hoisting apparatus, and in the improved guide or templet.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation. Fig. 2 is a similar view, showing the action of the hoisting apparatus. Fig. 3 is a'view of the revolving templet.

A represents a kiln or oven,which I prefer to form of sections or plates of thin boileriron, which are riveted together',-as shown. The kiln is of conical shape, so that it stands firmly and steadily on its base, and iseasily transported from place to place on a wagon,

The upper part of the oven is aconical door,

B, hinged to the wall of the structure, as shown, and having a suitable fastening for looking it in a closed position. Around the lower part of the oven is a double row of holes, a a, which may be wholly or partly closed by hinged dampers b b.

In devices f this class, where the kilns are portable, it as been necessary to charge the kiln through one or more doors left in the side of the structure, because as the kiln,when' set up, was made either with an independent stone foundation or a brick lining, it became, for present practical purposes, a permanent device. To avoid this inconvenience, I use a hoisting apparatus a form of which is shown in operation in Fig. 2. I drive into the ground three or more stout uprights, d, which may be braced at the bottom, in the upper part of which I journal pulleys e or support any kind of tackle. Over these pulleys pass ropes f f, connected to the lower edge of the oven.

In operation the uprights are driven into the ground around the spot where the pile of wood is to be made. "The oven is connected to the ropes and elevated to a sufficient height, the ropes being secured to aprojeetion on the post. The pile of wood is of conical shape,

and in building it of symmetrical form to fit the oven I use the revolving guide or templet shown in Fig. 3. A stationary post, h, is set up at the center of the spot where the pile of wood is to be, the upper end of such part be'- ing pointed, to form a conicalbearing for the revolving guide. The guide consists of a cross-piece, i, with a round perforation, through which the post passes. Inclined beams is k are joined at the top, and a bearing is formed at their junction, which fits the up-j per end of the post h, so that the: beams is k and cross-piece i revolve around such post. The pile of wood may either be built up directlyaround the center post, or, as the preferred construction, I form a chimney of wood around the post and build the conical pile around such chimney. The workman, by revolving the templet, is enabled to accurately gage his pile of .wood to fit the oven. The pile is built up'to the cross-piece i and finished with a fiat top. \Vhen the pile is complete, the revolving templet is raised slightly and moved sidewise, which permitsthe center post to be withdrawn through the draft-open: ing in the top of the oven. The templet can there be easily removed. The oven is now lowered over the finished pile until the bot tom of the kiln rests on the ground, and sufficient air enters below the edge through open ings a to support the slow combustion neces sary. The opening in the top is now closed, and the smoke and gases during the process escape at the damperopenings a. At the completion of the process the kiln is elevated bodily and the charcoal removed. I

H is a guard to cause the draft-door to close, should it be blown open by an accumulation of gas caused by combustion.

The conical shape of the oven prevents the burning material from falling against the iron walls and burning them, though the tendency ICC of the pile is to shrink toward the center away 8. The combination of the center post, 7:, from the walls. cross-beam i, and arms la la.

Having thus described my invention, I In testimony whereof I have signed mynnnlc claim-- to this specification in the presence of two sub- 5 111. The herein-described conical metallic scribing witnesses.

c arcoal-oven of the described construction, s 1 and adapted to rest on the ground, in combina- JOITR EDKVARD'QD' tion with the corner posts and hoisting-ropes. "Witnesses:

2. The guidehaving inclined pivoted arms, L. \V. SEELY,

T0 in combination with a conical charcoal-oven. W. 0. Drum 

